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Lipid Testing
The Lipid Panel Test
Doctors use a lipid panel test in order to determine the levels of
cholesterol and glycerides in the blood. These numbers help determine the
degree to which an individual is at risk of developing atherosclerosis,
the precursor to coronary heart disease.
A lipid panel test creates a lipid profile by measuring the types of
lipids (fats) in the blood.
This test allows a doctor to understand the
many types of lipids that are affecting the body and levels of each. The
result helps to uncover the overall pattern of blood lipids to gain a more
accurate assessment of both treatment and prognosis.
The measures include:
1) Low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol
Referred to as 'bad' cholesterol, high levels of LDL in the blood cause an
accumulation of fatty deposits called plaque in the arteries, a condition
called atherosclerosis. This plaque reduces blood flow through the
arteries and can cause blot clots leading to heart attack and stroke. LDL
is of particular concern to those patients with diabetes, as the LDL
molecules tend to be denser and smaller, causing increased damage to
arteries.
2) High density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol
Referred to as 'good' cholesterol, due to the movement away from the
arteries, high levels of HDL help to keep the arteries open and unclogged,
allowing for unobstructed blood flow.
3) Triglycerides
These types of lipids are usually found in fat tissue. High levels help
the body to store excess fat, increasing the risk of developing heart
disease.
4) Total cholesterol
This is the total amount of cholesterol content in the blood. Although
cholesterol is vital for body functioning, high total cholesterol levels
can indicate and increased risk of developing heart disease.
These four measures are delineated as milligrams per deciliter, and they
are usually categorized in five descriptive terms; optimal, near optimal,
borderline high risk, high risk and very high risk. All four measures
falling in the optimal category is the goal.
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